Place the gram flour in a dry frying pan and toast over a medium heat for 2-3 minutes, stirring constantly, until it turns a shade darker and smells nutty. Remove from heat and allow to cool. This step removes the raw flour taste and deepens the flavour.
Combine the toasted gram flour, yoghurt, crushed garlic, grated ginger, lemon juice and oil in a large bowl. Mix until smooth.
Add the Kashmiri chilli powder, ground bird's eye chilli, turmeric, cumin, ground coriander and salt. Mix thoroughly until fully combined and the marinade is a consistent deep orange-red colour.
Taste and adjust seasoning — add more salt, lemon juice or chilli to your preference.
Add your prepared ingredients (chicken pieces, lamb, paneer or vegetables) and coat thoroughly. Make sure every surface is covered.
Cover and refrigerate for a minimum of 4 hours — overnight gives significantly better results. For bone-in chicken pieces and lamb, 24-48 hours produces the most flavourful result.
When ready to cook, remove from the fridge 30 minutes before cooking to allow the meat to come to room temperature.